Nitazoxanide is a broad-spectrum antiparasitic and antiviral medication. It is effective against protozoa, helminths, and some viral infections by interfering with their energy metabolism.
Uses
- Protozoal Infections:
- Treatment of diarrhea caused by Cryptosporidium parvum or Giardia lamblia in both adults and children.
- Helminthic Infections:
- Effective against infections caused by intestinal worms, including roundworms and tapeworms.
- Viral Infections:
- Shows activity against some viral infections, including rotavirus and norovirus, in children with gastroenteritis.
- Adjunctive Therapy:
- Can be used in combination with other medications for infections caused by anaerobic bacteria or specific resistant organisms.
Indications
- Diarrhea caused by protozoal or helminthic infections.
- Gastroenteritis due to rotavirus or norovirus.
- Supportive therapy in mixed parasitic infections.
Benefits
- Broad-spectrum activity against a wide range of parasites and viruses.
- Suitable for pediatric and adult patients.
- Well-tolerated with minimal side effects.
Precautions
- Contraindications: Avoid use in individuals with known hypersensitivity to Nitazoxanide or its components.
- Side Effects: Mild gastrointestinal symptoms like nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, and headache may occur.
- Pregnancy and Lactation: Use only if clearly needed and prescribed by a doctor.
- Renal or Hepatic Impairment: Use cautiously in patients with underlying kidney or liver conditions.
Dosage and Administration
Nitazoxanide Suspension (100 mg/5 ml):
- Children (1–3 years): 5 ml (100 mg), twice daily for 3 days.
- Children (4–11 years): 10 ml (200 mg), twice daily for 3 days.
- Adults and Adolescents (≥12 years): 25 ml (500 mg), twice daily for 3 days.
Nitazoxanide Tablets (500 mg):
- Adults and Adolescents (≥12 years): 500 mg (1 tablet), twice daily for 3 days.
Administration:
- Take with food to enhance absorption and reduce gastrointestinal discomfort.
Important Notes
- Complete the full course of therapy to ensure eradication of the infection.
- Maintain hydration, especially in cases of diarrhea.
- Store the suspension as directed, and shake well before use.
Nitazoxanide is a reliable treatment option for parasitic and viral infections. Always use under the guidance of a healthcare professional.
